Material
|
Tensile Strength (MPa)
|
Yield Strength (MPa)
|
Elastic Modulus (GPa)
|
Hardness (HB)
|
Advantages
|
Applications
|
|
1018 Steel
|
440-790
|
370
|
190
|
126-183
|
Good machinability, low cost
|
Bolts, nuts, studs, gears
|
|
1020 Steel
|
420-690
|
350
|
190
|
121-170
|
Good weldability, low cost
|
Shafts, axles, pins
|
|
1045 Steel
|
585-800
|
330
|
205
|
163-229
|
Good strength and wear resistance
|
Gears, shafts, bolts
|
|
4130 Steel
|
670-980
|
435
|
205
|
197-235
|
High strength-to-weight ratio, good weldability
|
Aircraft parts, bicycle frames
|
|
4140 Steel
|
655-1065
|
415
|
205
|
197-235
|
High strength, toughness, and wear resistance
|
Gears, axles, shafts
|
|
4340 Steel
|
745-1130
|
470
|
205
|
201-269
|
High strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance
|
Aircraft landing gear, crankshafts
|
|
A2 Tool Steel
|
670-1280
|
360
|
190
|
217-235
|
High wear resistance, good toughness
|
Punches, dies, cutting tools
|
|
A36 Steel
|
400-550
|
250
|
200
|
70-80
|
Easy to machine, weld, and form. Affordable and widely available.
|
Structural applications, including buildings, bridges, and machinery.
|
|
D2 Tool Steel
|
1700-2200
|
1200-1400
|
190-210
|
60-64
|
High wear resistance and toughness. Holds an edge well.
|
Cutting tools, knives, shear blades, and dies.
|
|
S7 Tool Steel
|
1600-2000
|
1400-1700
|
190-210
|
50-60
|
High impact resistance and toughness.
|
Tooling applications that require shock resistance, such as hammers, punches, chisels, and shear blades.
|
|
303 Stainless Steel
|
620 - 860
|
260 - 420
|
190
|
160 - 180
|
Good machinability and corrosion resistance
|
Aerospace, automotive, food processing, and medical industries
|
|
304 Stainless Steel
|
515 - 1035
|
205 - 515
|
193
|
70 - 92
|
Corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength
|
Chemical processing, food processing, and medical industries
|
|
316 Stainless Steel
|
515 - 1035
|
205 - 515
|
193
|
70 - 90
|
Superior corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength
|
Chemical processing, food processing, and medical industries
|
|
416 Stainless Steel
|
550 - 860
|
275 - 485
|
200
|
262 - 302
|
Good machinability and wear resistance
|
Aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing industries
|
|
15-5 PH
|
1100 - 1380
|
860
|
196
|
363 - 388
|
High strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance
|
Aerospace, chemical processing, and medical industries
|
|
17-4 PH
|
1000 - 1200
|
800
|
190
|
302 - 363
|
High strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance
|
Aerospace, chemical processing, and medical industries
|
|
440C
|
1960 - 2150
|
1320
|
200
|
58 - 64
|
High hardness and wear resistance
|
Cutlery, bearings, and valve components
|
